Notice No : SICE/SE/002
Date : 17/09/2021
It is hereby informed to all the students who have applied for Semester Examination September 2021, that the Semester Examination will be held as per below schedule.
The Admit Card for Semester Examination can be downloaded 20/09/2021. The Examination Time as per the allotment on the Admit Card
OPERATORS
Generally an operator is a symbol that operates shortens values of variables of same data types and produced a result. An operator operates on variables and perform and action in a program. There are three types of operators as below.
Unary Operator
The operators which have only one operand are called Unary Operator. The Unary Operators are:
Increment and decrement operators are unary operators that add or subtract one from their operand, respectively. The increment operator and decrement operators manifest in to two forms as Postfix and Prefix.
[Here C is deem as a variable]
Example: If a=5, b=a++ then b=5 and a=6 , If a=5, b=a– then b=5 and a=4
[Here C is deem as a variable]
Example: If a=5, b=++a then b=6 and a=6, If a=5, b=–a then b=4 and a=4
Binary Operator
In mathematics, a binary operation is a calculation involving two operands, so operator which have two operands are called Binary operator. All arithmetical, relational, assignment, logical and bitwise operators are Binary.
Table 1: List of Binary Operators
Sl. No. | Category | Operator | Operation/ Meaning |
1 | Mathematical | + | Addition |
2 | Mathematical | – | Subtraction |
3 | Mathematical | * | Multiplication |
4 | Mathematical | / | Division |
5 | Mathematical | % | Reminder |
6 | Relational | > | Greater than |
7 | Relational | < | Less than |
8 | Relational | >= | Greater than equal to |
9 | Relational | <= | Less than equal to |
10 | Relational | == | Equal to |
11 | Relational | != | Not equal to |
12 | Bitwise | & | Bitwise And |
13 | Bitwise | | | Bitwise OR |
14 | Bitwise | ^ | Bitwise exclusive OR |
15 | Bitwise | << | Left shift |
16 | Bitwise | >> | Right shift |
17 | Bitwise | ~ | Bitwise complement |
18 | Assignment | += | Addition with assignment |
19 | Assignment | -= | Subtraction with assignment |
20 | Assignment | *= | Multiplication with assignment |
21 | Assignment | /= | Division with assignment |
22 | Assignment | %= | Reminder with assignment |
23 | Logical | && | Logical And |
24 | Logical | || | Logical OR |
25 | Logical | !! | Logical NOT |
Ternary Operator
The operator which have three operands are called Ternary operator. The ternary operator “?:” earns its name because it’s the only operator to take three operands. It is a conditional operator that provides a shorter syntax for the if..then..else statement. The three parts of it’s are Expression, True part and False Part.
Syntax : Condition ? Expression1 : Expression2
Example : x>y ? g=x : g=y;
Or : g=x>y ? x : y;
The kind of data that the variable may hold in a programming language is referred to as data types. C provides two types of data:
Primary Data type:
TYPE | SIZE (Bits) | Range |
Char or Signed Char | 8 | -128 to 127 |
Unsigned Char | 8 | 0 to 255 |
Int or Signed int | 16 | -32768 to 32767 |
Unsigned int | 16 | 0 to 65535 |
Short int or Signed short int | 8 | -128 to 127 |
Unsigned short int | 8 | 0 to 255 |
Long int or signed long int | 32 | -2147483648 to 2147483647 |
Unsigned long int | 32 | 0 to 4294967295 |
Float | 32 | 3.4 e-38 to 3.4 e+38 |
Double | 64 | 1.7e-308 to 1.7e+308 |
Long Double | 80 | 3.4 e-4932 to 3.4 e+4932 |
Secondary Data type:
In a program, a name May be assigned to a data item. If it remains the same, throughout the program execution, then we say that the value of name is a constant. Thus, constant (literals) is a value, written into a program instruction that does not change during the execution of a program. There are three types of constants as below:
String Constant
A string constant or literal is a sequence of alphanumeric characters enclosed in double quotation marks the maximum length of a string constant is limited to 255 characters. Each string constant is automatically added with a terminating character ‘\0’.Thus the string “abc” will actually be represented as “abc\0” in the memory and its size is 4 characters.
Numeric Constant
Numeric constant has a constant value in number. The value of the constant can be positive or negative. There are 4 types of numeric constants as follows.
Character Constant
Character constant is either a single alphabet or a single digit or a single special symbol enclosed within a pair of single quotation mark, such as ‘A’, ‘a’, ‘.’, ‘?’.
IDENTIFIERS
Identifiers are refers to the names of variables, functions and arrays. Identifiers are also the names of objects, which can take different values but only one value at a time. Once a value is assigned to an identifier, it cannot be changed during the execution of the program.
A quantity or value which may vary during processing of C programming procedure is called variable. Variable is a name that C language compiler associates with a storage location in the main memory of the computer. Variable holds data that can be modified during program execution. After you declare a variable in a program, you can assign it a value. A variable is an identifier that is used to represent some specified type of information within a designated portion of a program.
Rules for Naming a Variable
Keywords are the basic building blocks for programming statement. These are the words whose meaning has already been explained to the C compiler. Keywords also known as reserve words whose meaning cannot change. All keywords written in lower case and cannot be used as a variable names. There are 32 keywords available in C as listed below:
1. auto
2. break
3. case
4. char
5. const
6. continue
7. default
8. do
9. double
10. else
11. enum
12. extern
13. float
14. for
15. goto
16. if
17. int
18. long
19. register
20. return
21. short
22. signed
23. sizeof
24. static
25. struct
26. switch
27. typedef
28. union
29. unsigned
30. void
31. volatile
32. while
It is hereby inform to all the present student and pass-out students that , the Ganesh Puja Meeting is arranged on Dt. – 05/09/2021 at 10:00 AM. It is requested to all the students to join on the meeting and present there ideas for making a grand celebration.
Thank you
Arranged By : SICE Students
Managed By : SICE
SL NO | Shortcut | Description |
| ||
1. | Select all contents of the page. | |
2. | Bold highlighted selection. | |
3. | Copy selected text. | |
4. | Open the font preferences window. | |
5. | Aligns the line or selected text to the center of the screen. | |
6. | Open find box. | |
| Italic highlighted selection. | |
| Aligns the selected text or line to justify the screen. | |
| Insert a hyperlink. | |
| Aligns the line or selected text to the left of the screen. | |
| Indent the paragraph. | |
| Opens new, blank document window. | |
| Opens the dialog box or page for selecting a file to open. | |
| Open the print window. | |
| Aligns the line or selected text to the right of the screen. | |
| Save the open document. Like Shift+F12. | |
| Alt+F, A | Save the document under a different file name. |
| Show the Unicode code of a highlighted character. | |
| Create a hanging indent. | |
| Underline the selected text. | |
| ||
| Close the currently open document. | |
| Cut selected text. | |
| Redo the last action performed. | |
| Undo last action. | |
| Ctrl+Shift+A | Sets the selected text to all capital letters. |
| Ctrl+Shift+D | Adds double underline to the selected text. |
| Ctrl+Shift+E | Enable or disable revision tracking. |
| Ctrl+Shift+F | Opens Font window to change the font. |
| Ctrl+Shift+L | Quickly create a bullet point. |
| Ctrl+Shift+> | Increase selected font +1pts up to 12pt and then increase font +2pts. |
| Ctrl+] | Increase selected font +1pts. |
| Ctrl+Shift+< | Decrease selected font -1pts if 12pt or lower; if above 12, decreases font by +2pt. |
| Ctrl+[ | Decrease selected font -1pts. |
| Ctrl+/+C | Insert a cent sign (¢). |
| Ctrl+’+<char> | Insert a character with an accent (acute) mark, where <char> is the character you want. For example, if you wanted an accented é you would use Ctrl+’+e as your shortcut key. To reverse the accent mark, use the opposite accent mark, often found on the tilde key. |
| Ctrl+Shift+* | View or hide non printing characters. |
| Ctrl+Left arrow | Moves one word to the left. |
| Ctrl+Right arrow | Moves one word to the right. |
| Ctrl+Up arrow | Moves to the beginning of the line or paragraph. |
| Ctrl+Down arrow | Moves to the end of the paragraph. |
| Ctrl+Del | Deletes word to right of cursor. |
| Ctrl+Backspace | Deletes word to left of cursor. |
| Moves the cursor to the end of the document. | |
| Moves the cursor to the beginning of the document. | |
| Reset highlighted text to the default font. | |
| Single-space lines. | |
| Double-space lines. | |
| 1.5-line spacing. | |
| Ctrl+= | Set selected text as subscript. |
| Set selected text as superscript. | |
| Ctrl+Alt+T | Insert trademark (TM) symbol. |
| Ctrl+Alt+1 | heading 1. |
| Ctrl+Alt+2 | heading 2. |
| Ctrl+Alt+3 | Changes text to heading 3. |
| Ctrl+Alt+F2 | Open new document. |
| Ctrl+F1 | Open the Task Pane. |
| Ctrl+F2 | Display the print preview. |
| Ctrl+Shift+> | Increases the font size of selected text by one point. |
| Ctrl+Shift+< | Decreases the font size of selected text by one point. |
| Ctrl+Shift+F6 | Switches to another open Microsoft Word document. |
| Ctrl+Shift+F12 | Prints the document. |
| Open help. | |
| Repeat the last action performed (Word 2000+). | |
| Open the Find, Replace, and Go To window in Microsoft Word. | |
| Spellcheck and grammar check selected text or document. | |
| ||
| Shift+F3 | Change the text in Microsoft Word from uppercase to lowercase or a capital letter at the beginning of every word. |
| Shift+F7 | Runs a Thesaurus check on the selected word. |
| Shift+F12 | Save the open document. Like Ctrl+S. |
| Shift+Enter | Create a soft break instead of a new paragraph. |
| Shift+Insert | |
| Shift+Alt+D | Insert the current date. |
| Shift+Alt+T | Insert the current time. |
How to Use Mail Merge in Microsoft Word
Mail Merge is most often used to print or email form letters to multiple recipients. Using Mail Merge, you can easily customize form letters for individual recipients. Mail merge is also used to create envelopes or labels in bulk.
This feature works the same in all modern versions of Microsoft Word: 2010, 2013, and 2016.
In a blank Microsoft Word document, click on the Mailings tab, and in the Start Mail Merge group, click Start Mail Merge.
Click Step-by-Step Mail Merge Wizard.
Select your document type. In this demo we will select Letters. Click Next: Starting document.
Select the starting document. In this demo we will use the current (blank) document.
Select Use the current document and then click Next: Select recipients.
Note that selecting Start from existing document (which we are not doing in this demo) changes the view and gives you the option to choose your document. After you choose it, the Mail Merge Wizard reverts to Use the current document.
Select recipients. In this demo we will create a new list, so select Type a new list and then click Create.
Create a list by adding data in the New Address List dialog box and clicking OK.
Save the list.
Note that now that a list has been created, the Mail Merge Wizard reverts to Use an existing list and you have the option to edit the recipient list.
Selecting Edit recipient list opens up the Mail Merge Recipients dialog box, where you can edit the list and select or unselect records. Click OK to accept the list as is.
Click Next: Write your letter.
Write the letter and add custom fields.
Click Address block to add the recipients’ addresses at the top of the document.
In the Insert Address Block dialog box, check or uncheck boxes and select options on the left until the address appears the way you want it to.
Note that you can use Match Fields to correct any problems. Clicking Match Fields opens up the Match Fields dialog box, in which you can associate the fields from your list with the fields required by the wizard.
Press Enter on your keyboard and click Greeting line… to enter a greeting.
In the Insert Greeting Line dialog box, choose the greeting line format by clicking the drop-down arrows and selecting the options of your choice, and then click OK.
Note that the address block and greeting line are surrounded by chevrons (« »). Write a short letter and click Next: Preview your letters.
